What characterizes a mutualistic relationship between species?

A mutualistic relationship is characterized by interactions where both species involved benefit from the relationship. In this type of interaction, each species may provide resources or services that enhance the survival and reproductive success of the other. For instance, bees and flowering plants exemplify mutualism; bees pollinate flowers while obtaining nectar for themselves, benefiting both the plants and the bees.

The emphasis on the dual benefits in mutualism distinguishes it from other types of interactions. In contrast, other relationships such as parasitism involve one species benefiting at the expense of another, and competition refers to species vying for limited resources which can be detrimental to one or both. Understanding mutualism is essential for grasping ecosystem dynamics and the interconnectedness of species in various environments.