What defines the climate in a biome?

The defining characteristics of a biome's climate are rooted in the average temperature and precipitation over time. These two factors are crucial as they influence the types of ecosystems that can develop in a particular region. Temperature affects the metabolic rates of organisms, while precipitation determines water availability, both of which are essential for plant growth.

The combination of these climate components shapes the flora and fauna found within a biome. For instance, a biome characterized by high temperatures and low precipitation would likely be a desert, whereas a region with moderate temperatures and substantial rainfall might support a temperate forest. Understanding these climatic elements is foundational for studying biomes, as they dictate the adaptations of the organisms living there and the overall biodiversity.

While soil type, the number of plant species, and the presence of herbivores can all impact the ecology of a biome, they are influenced by climate rather than defining it. Therefore, the average temperature and precipitation over time are the primary factors in determining the climate, making that the correct, defining criterion for a biome.