Why is genetic recombination significant in meiosis?

Genetic recombination during meiosis is significant because it contributes to genetic diversity among offspring. This process occurs during prophase I of meiosis, where homologous chromosomes exchange segments of genetic material through a process known as crossing over. As a result, the gametes produced (sperm and egg cells) contain a mixture of alleles from both parents, leading to unique combinations of genes in the offspring.

The increased genetic diversity is crucial for the evolution of populations, as it enhances adaptability and survivability in changing environments. This diversity provides a greater pool of traits that can be selected for or against in natural selection, making populations more resilient to diseases and environmental pressures. By generating new allele combinations, genetic recombination ensures that each generation has the potential for variation, which is a fundamental driving force in the process of evolution.